India’s DRI Says Smugglers Ditching Hawala Networks for Stablecoins
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In brief Cryptocurrency and stablecoins are increasingly replacing hawala networks in drug and gold smuggling operations, according to a new report by India’s Directorate of Revenue Intelligence. The DRI uncovered a gold smuggling syndicate that laundered over $12.7 million through hawala and USDT to China. Experts say comprehensive crypto regulations are needed to close gaps exploited by criminal networks for money laundering. India’s top anti-smuggling agency has sounded the alarm on the rising use of crypto and stablecoins in drug and gold trafficking, enabling rapid, untraceable international fund transfers that bypass formal financial oversight. The warning comes from the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence’s Smuggling in India Report 2024-25, released Thursday, which points out that digital assets enable “faster and anonymous settlement, minimal oversight, and weak anti-money laundering compliance.” “Cryptocurrency has emerged as a potent tool for smuggling syndicates due to its decentralised, pseudonymous, and borderless nature,” the report states, noting how digital assets are now widely used to route illicit payments and move crime proceeds, “particularly in narcotics trafficking and gold smuggling cases.” Crypto-hawala network exposed Among the cases highlighed by the report is a 108-kg transnational gold racket routed through the Indo-China border last July, with over $12.7 million (₹108 crore) in proceeds sent to China via hawala and Tether’s stablecoin USDT after the gold was sold in Delhi. “The Chinese mastermind used multiple crypto wallets, layering funds for anonymity, and communicated via encrypted Apps like WeChat using VPNs,” the DRI noted. “Forensic analysis of chats, transaction hashes, and wallet IDs corroborated the smuggling trail, marking a significant breakthrough in crypto-hawala detection by DRI.” “Most jurisdictions globally don’t yet have comprehensive crypto regulations, leading to some regulatory arbitrage and gaps, which are exploited for criminal and illicit activity,” Musheer Ahmed, Founder and MD of Finstep Asia, told Decrypt. “Through an…