NVIDIA AI Red Team Offers Critical Security Insights for LLM Applications

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Iris Coleman Oct 04, 2025 03:16 NVIDIA’s AI Red Team has identified key vulnerabilities in AI systems, offering practical advice to enhance security in LLM applications, focusing on code execution, access control, and data exfiltration. The NVIDIA AI Red Team (AIRT) has been rigorously evaluating AI-enabled systems to identify and mitigate security vulnerabilities and weaknesses. Their recent findings highlight critical security challenges in large language model (LLM) applications, according to NVIDIA’s official blog. Key Security Vulnerabilities One of the significant issues identified is the risk of remote code execution (RCE) through LLM-generated code. This vulnerability primarily arises from using functions like ‘exec’ or ‘eval’ without adequate isolation. Attackers can exploit these functions via prompt injection to execute malicious code, posing a severe threat to the application environment. NVIDIA recommends avoiding the use of such functions in LLM-generated code. Instead, developers should parse LLM responses to map them to safe, predefined functions and ensure any necessary dynamic code execution occurs within secure sandbox environments. Access Control Weaknesses in RAG Systems Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems also present security challenges, particularly concerning access control. The AIRT found that incorrect implementation of user permissions often allows unauthorized access to sensitive information. This issue is exacerbated by delays in syncing permissions from data sources to RAG databases, as well as overpermissioned access tokens. To address these vulnerabilities, it is crucial to manage delegated authorization effectively and restrict write access to RAG data stores. Implementing content security policies and guardrail checks can further mitigate the risk of unauthorized data exposure. Risks of Active Content Rendering The rendering of active content in LLM outputs, such as Markdown, poses another significant risk. This can lead to data exfiltration if content is appended to links or images that direct users’ browsers…